Watch vs warning: what's the difference?
A Watch means conditions are favorable for a hazard in your area within the next several hours to two days, so you should be prepared. A Warning means the event qualifies as occurring, imminent, or very likely, and you should take action now, usually within 30 to 60 minutes for severe storms. An Advisory is a step below a warning, for a hazard that will cause inconvenience but is not expected to be dangerous.
Right now4Warnings in effect nationwideas of Snow totals by state, measured
Watch, warning, advisory side by side
| Term | What it means | How far ahead | Area | What to do |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Watch | The hazard could develop in and near the watch area, with conditions favorable. | Typically hours to 2 days ahead. | Broad area, such as counties or parts of states. | Be prepared and stay informed. |
| Warning | The event has already begun, could start at any moment, or is very likely. | 30 to 60 minutes for severe storms; hours to a day for winter storms. | Smaller area: a polygon for tornadoes, severe storms, flash floods, and snow squalls; counties for winter storms. | Take action now and follow local instructions. |
| Advisory | A hazard that is expected to cause inconvenience but is below warning level. | Varies by hazard type. | Varies by hazard type. | Be aware and adjust plans. |
Common pairs
| Event | Watch issued by | Warning issued by | Phone alert? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tornado | Storm Prediction Center | Local NWS office | Yes |
| Severe thunderstorm | Storm Prediction Center | Local NWS office | Yes, for destructive severe thunderstorm |
| Winter storm | Local NWS office | Local NWS office | No for standard winter storm; yes for blizzard and ice storm |
| Flash flood | Local NWS office | Local NWS office | Yes, for considerable or catastrophic flash flood |
| Extreme cold | Local NWS office | Local NWS office | Yes, in many areas |
Why people mix them up
The two words sound similar, and 'watch' can seem more urgent than it is. The National Weather Service uses a kitchen analogy: a watch means the ingredients are on the counter, and a warning means they are in the oven. That image captures the difference in urgency.